Physical signs of Mitral stenosis
Physical signs of Mitral stenosis
What is the type of Apex in Mitral Stenosis
[A] Heaving apex
[B] Sustained apex
[C] Tapping apex
[D] Diffuse apex
Physical signs of Mitral stenosis
- Tapping apex
- Loud S1
- Opening snap
- Mid- diastolic murmur with presystolic accentuation
- P2 (pulmonic) component of the second heart sound (S2) will be loud if severe pulmonary hypertension is due to mitral stenosis.
Advanced disease may present with
- signs of right-sided heart failure
- parasternal heave
- Jugular venous distension
- hepatomegaly,
- ascites
- pulmonary hypertension, often presenting with a loud P2.
- Almost all signs increase with exercise and pregnancy
Other peripheral signs include:
- Malar flush – due to back pressure and buildup of carbon dioxide (CO2). CO2 is a natural vasodilator.
- Atrial fibrillation – irregular pulse and loss of ‘a’ wave in jugular venous pressure
- Left parasternal heave – presence of right ventricular hypertrophy due to pulmonary hypertension
- Tapping apex beat that is not displaced
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